Margaret Newman by Marchione Joanne;

Author:Marchione, Joanne;
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 1598477
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 1992-12-15T00:00:00+00:00

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Framework for Assessing the Pattern of the Whole

Newman (1986, 1987) has suggested that the assessment framework developed by nurse theorists for the North American Nursing Diagnostic Association (NANDA) can be used in initial efforts to identify pattern of the whole. Manifestations of the unitary pattern are expressed in the dimensions of the NANDA framework: exchanging, communicating, valuing, relating, choosing, moving, perceiving, feeling, and knowing.

Newman (1986, p. 74) has defined these nine assessment dimensions relative to her theory of health, as modified from those accepted by the nurse theorist group at the third and fourth conferences of NANDA (Kim & Moritz, 1982). Exchanging involves the interchange of energy and matter between person and environment. It also involves the transformation of energy from one form to another. Communicating involves the interchange of information from one system to another. Relating is the process of connecting with other persons and with the environment. Valuing is the process of assigning worth. Choosing involves the selection of one or more alternatives. Moving is the process of rhythmic alternating between activity and rest. Perceiving is the process of receiving and interpreting information. Feeling involves a sensing of physical and intuitive awareness. Knowing is the process of personal recognition of self and world.

The process of assessing the pattern of the whole proceeds in the following fashion: The nurse surveys the client-environment interaction data in terms of the nine assessment dimensions, describes a nonjudgmental pattern of interaction, and searches for the underlying pattern of the whole. A case study illustrating this assessment process can be found in Newman’s 1984 American Journal of Nursing article. A description of the case study assessment data, gathered from the client, using the NANDA framework, and interpreted from the perspective of Newman’s theory, is included here.

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